prancingbull.com

Not all companies that trade on the NYSE or NASDAQ are American companies. Some are actually headquartered in a foreign country. Consider the company Cemex (CX) for example. Their company is headquartered out of Mexico. A good portion of their business will be conducted in Mexico, and therefore their payments will be made to them in pesos, the Mexican currency. When they do business outside of Mexico, they will likely be paid in the other country’s currency, which will later have to be converted to pesos.

The main issue with currency risk occurs when a company has to create financial reports for their shareholders. When a foreign company like Cemex creates a financial report for US investors, they list all of their earnings and expenses in US funds, although they are really in Mexican funds. Americans can made better comparisons from one company to the other when everything is in the same currency. The main issue here is that the exchange rate is not always going to be the same. This will create some discrepancies in the financial report that the company gives.

Imagine that in FY 2006, Cemex had total net income of $10 billion pesos. At the time that they reported, the exchange rate was 10 pesos per dollar. This means that on the Annual report to US shareholders, Cemex would report a net income of $1 billion dollars. Now, imagine that in FY 2007, Cemex has a total net income of $11 billion pesos (a 10% increase), but the exchange rate at the end of FY 2007 is 12 pesos per dollar. For FY 2007, Cemex would report a total net income of $.916 billion (a 8.4% decrease). To the Mexican investor Cemex had a great year, but to the American investor the year was a disappointment.

Not everyone invests in foreign companies, but if you are looking into one you should definitely take this into consideration. You could be in for a bit of a surprise if you don’t.